Water and Snow Landings - Where is the Surface?

Divers know the advantage of a gentle spray on the surface of a pool prior to a difficult dive. It allows them to judge where they are with respect to the surface. Amphibians may or may not enjoy that luxury.

The visual illusion, with respect to water, is a pilot perceives he is higher than he really is. He may inadvertently lower the nose of the plane ,with serious consequences, if he doesn't catch his mistake early in his landing  procedure.

One way to tell if the surface is "glassy" is reflections. If reflections are seen, it calls for a "glassy surface" approach.

The problem, for a pilot, is the different kinds of glassy surfaces. Full reflection, partial, "come and go" reflections plus variations that are unique to a lake you visit often. All of these are perceptual and require a power on approach that lowers the plane onto the surface gradually.

Bush pilots deal with water surfaces daily in their work. Their advice is good.